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四級(jí)作文的結(jié)構(gòu)和模式
在日常生活或是工作學(xué)習(xí)中，大家都寫過(guò)作文吧，通過(guò)作文可以把我們那些零零散散的思想，聚集在一塊。那要怎么寫好作文呢？下面是小編收集整理的四級(jí)作文的結(jié)構(gòu)和模式，歡迎大家分享。
1、問(wèn)題解決型
問(wèn)題解決型作文通常首先提出一個(gè)有待解決的問(wèn)題，然后要求考生就問(wèn)題提出解決方法、途徑，有時(shí)還要求考生最后談?wù)撨m合自己的方法。
結(jié)構(gòu)模式：
第一段：導(dǎo)言。描述現(xiàn)狀、形式、苦難，提出問(wèn)題。
第二段：方法。列舉說(shuō)明處理某事的方式或解決某個(gè)問(wèn)題的途徑。
第三段：評(píng)價(jià)、建議或個(gè)人選擇。
針對(duì)第二段所闡述的方法給予簡(jiǎn)要的評(píng)論，也可提出個(gè)人建議或選擇，并簡(jiǎn)述理由。
屬于該模塊的四級(jí)真題：
How I overcome difficulties in learning English.
Getting to know the world outside the campus。
How I finance my college education.
How to succeed in a job interview
本題型的寫作重點(diǎn)在“how”,即解決辦法。
請(qǐng)看范文:
How to eliminate fake diplomas
It is reported that flooding of fake diplomas is becoming a serious problem recently. When employers lay much emphasis on their candidates’ education background，different kinds of fake diplomas appear in society. It is unfair that one fails to get his job just because his rival has produced a fake diploma or certificate. Therefore, fake diplomas do obvious harm to the job market and fair competition between candidates.
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem，but the following ones may be most effective. First of all, companies universities should have a close contact so that the fake diplomas cannot play tricks. Besides, the one who fabricates the fake diplomas should be severely punished by law and totally exposed through media. Finally, the one who uses a fake diploma in finding jobs should be disqualified from the job market for at least three months. That may give a lesson to others.
These are not the best and the only three measures we can take, but it should be noted that we should take effective measures to eliminate the fake diploma and do everyone justice.
2、原因說(shuō)明型
原因說(shuō)明型作文通常先提出某個(gè)新的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、變化、問(wèn)題，要求考生分析該現(xiàn)象或變化產(chǎn)生的根源，并給與評(píng)論。該模塊包括圖表作文。
結(jié)構(gòu)模式：
第一段：導(dǎo)言。描述現(xiàn)象、問(wèn)題或變化（圖表作文中，不要羅列數(shù)據(jù)，要重視數(shù)據(jù)變化，將數(shù)據(jù)分析回歸后，在做歸納性闡述。
第二段：原因分析。運(yùn)用因果法和列舉法論述其中的原因或根源。
第三段：評(píng)述或預(yù)測(cè)。
對(duì)該對(duì)象、問(wèn)題或變化進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的利弊評(píng)述或發(fā)展預(yù)測(cè)。
屬于該模塊的四級(jí)真題：
Changes in people’s diet.
The world is getting smaller and smaller.
Student use of computers.
本題型的寫作重點(diǎn)在“why”，即原因闡述。
請(qǐng)看范文：
A boom in fast food
While the rhythm of people’s life is speeding up, a lot of changes have taken place in people’s dietary habit. Fast food restaurants such as McDonald’s, Kentucky, Timmy’s and the like are mushrooming everywhere and fast food is rapidly gaining its popularity all over the country.
There are several reasons why more and more people like to have fast food. Firstly, it can save time. A hamburger-lunch takes us no more than twenty minutes. We can even have it while working. For those salarymen, who believe in the saying that time is money, fast food is an ideal choice. Secondly, it is convenient. It is so simple to make that it can be made in wholesale to cater to the needs of more people. Thirdly, it is cheap in terms of price when compared with the food in Chinese restaurants. It is also noted for its high quality food, good sanitary condition and first-rate service.
The boom of fast food industry shows that it is popular, especially with the young generation. With fast food, people may have more spare time to reduce the pressure from work and life. It can also free people from the burden of housework. All in all, it suits the tastes of some people.
范文
2：
The changes in Chinese professions
As is shown in the charts, more than half of the Chinese were engaged in agriculture in the 1980’s, about twenty-seven percent were employed in manufacturing, while only one-fifth were working in the service industry. However, only 10 years later, in the 1990’s, great changes have occurred in the professional pattern in china, with a great increase in the people involved both in manufacturing and service and a corresponding shrinkage in agricultural population.
These dramatic changes can be explained by the traditional theory about a primitive economy. However, there are various other reasons for these changes. The most likely explanation is that the changes show the effects of more efficient farming and increased urbanization as a result of China’s open-door and economic reform policies. Besides, typical of china, a great number of farmers are now working in various small businesses without leaving their homes, which accounts mainly for the increase in manufacturing population. Again the economic policies result in an immense improvement in the Chinese people’s living standard, which creates a huge demand for service and thus enables the service industries to flourish and absorbs more and more people into these fields.
These changes signify the great achievements china has made. And they also mark a great leap forward on its way towards becoming a world’s economic power.
3、利弊分析型
利弊分析型作文通常要求考生就某一事物或社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的利與弊進(jìn)行分析、闡述，最后以個(gè)人評(píng)論或觀點(diǎn)為結(jié)論。
一般利弊分析型結(jié)構(gòu)模式:
第一段：導(dǎo)言+優(yōu)點(diǎn)。簡(jiǎn)述事物或現(xiàn)象并列舉說(shuō)明其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
第二段：缺點(diǎn)。列舉說(shuō)明其弊端（注意以表轉(zhuǎn)折的過(guò)渡詞引導(dǎo)）。
第三段：簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)論利弊關(guān)系或簡(jiǎn)述個(gè)人體會(huì)。
屬于該模塊的四級(jí)真題：
Positive and negative aspects of sports
本題型的寫作重點(diǎn)在“advantages & disadvantages”，即利弊論述。
請(qǐng)看范文：
The positive and negative effects of computers
It is generally accepted that computers benefit human beings in many ways. But they have also caused many problems. Apparently, computers have both advantages and disadvantages.
Computers are being used more and more widely in the world today for the simplest reason that they are far more efficient than human beings. Computers have much better memories and can store huge amounts of information, and they can do calculations in a fraction of the time taken by a human mathematician. In fact，computers can do many of the things we do, but faster and better. They can pay wages, reserve seats on a place, control machines in factories, work out tomorrow’s weather，and even play chess, write poetry, or compose music. Nowadays, it is very convenient and economical to do anything on the internet, such as sending or receiving Email，shopping，advertising，making friends，and entertaining. The globe will be like an office or home. This is the unprecedented charm of the computer. In short, computers have been making the whole world much more advanced and civilized than ever before.。
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